Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon
realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the
Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a
company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to
the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this
standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the
first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio,
and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology
widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the
grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code
symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the
adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to
UPC, in December 1976.
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as
their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses
EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must
be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This
change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the
US and Canada to double-label their products.
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”,
indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
The country codes used are :
CODE
|
COUNTRY
|
00-13
|
USA & Canada |
20-29
|
reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets) |
30-37
|
France |
380
|
Bulgaria |
383
|
Slovenia |
385
|
Croatia |
387
|
Bosnia-Herzegovina |
400-440
|
Germany |
45
|
Japan |
46
|
Russian Federation |
471
|
Taiwan |
474
|
Estonia |
475
|
Latvia |
476
|
Azerbaijan |
477
|
Lithuania |
478
|
Uzbekistan |
479
|
Sri Lanka |
480
|
Philippines |
481
|
Belarus |
482
|
Ukraine |
484
|
Moldova |
485
|
Armenia |
486
|
Georgia |
487
|
Kazakhstan |
489
|
Hong Kong |
49
|
Japan |
50
|
UK |
520
|
Greece |
528
|
Lebanon |
529
|
Cyprus |
531
|
Macedonia |
535
|
Malta |
539
|
Ireland |
54
|
Belgium & Luxembourg |
560
|
Portugal |
569
|
Iceland |
57
|
Denmark |
590
|
Poland |
594
|
Romania |
599
|
Hungary |
600-601
|
South Africa |
609
|
Mauritius |
611
|
Morocco |
613
|
Algeria |
619
|
Tunisia |
621
|
Syria |
622
|
Egypt |
624
|
Libya |
625
|
Jordan |
626
|
Iran |
627
|
Kuwait |
628
|
Saudi Arabia |
629
|
United Arab Emirates |
64
|
Finland |
690-692
|
China |
70
|
Norway |
729
|
Israel |
73
|
Sweden |
740
|
Guatemala |
741
|
El Salvador |
742
|
Honduras |
743
|
Nicaragua |
744
|
Costa Rica |
745
|
Panama |
746
|
Dominican Republic |
750
|
Mexico |
759
|
Venezuela |
76
|
Switzerland |
770
|
Colombia |
773
|
Uruguay |
775
|
Peru |
777
|
Bolivia |
779
|
Argentina |
780
|
Chile |
784
|
Paraguay |
785
|
Peru |
786
|
Ecuador |
789
|
Brazil |
80-83
|
Italy |
84
|
Spain |
850
|
Cuba |
858
|
Slovakia |
859
|
Czech Republic |
860
|
Serbia & Montenegro |
869
|
Turkey |
87
|
Netherlands |
880
|
South Korea |
885
|
Thailand |
888
|
Singapore |
890
|
India |
893
|
Vietnam |
899
|
Indonesia |
90 -91
|
Austria |
93
|
Australia |
94
|
New Zealand |
955
|
Malaysia |
958
|
Macau |
977
|
ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals) |
978
|
ISBN (International Standard Book Number) |
979
|
ISMN (International Standard Music Number) |
: source
_______
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